Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red kidney bean)

---

Aim

To identify the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (pea, gram or red kidney
bean).

Materials Required

Seeds of bengal gram/red kidney bean, forceps, cloth, magnifying glass, petridish, water.

Theory

Procedure

• Soak a few bean seeds and keep them overnight.
• Drain the excess water.
• Cover the seeds with a moist cloth and keep them aside for a day.
• Peel off the seed coat carefully.
• Using your thumbs or the forceps, open the bean seed so that it falls into two halves.
• With the help of the magnifying glass, locate the parts of the bean embryo carefully.
• Draw a sketch of the inside of the dicot seed that you examined. Label all its parts.

Observations

• Been seed is kidney-shaped with a concave and convex side.
• The concave side which is slightly darker has a scar called hilum.
• Adjacent to hilum a small pore known as micropyle is present.
• The seed is covered by a seed coat.
• The embryo consists of two large, white and kidney-shaped cotyledons.
• The cotyledons are attached laterally to the curved embryonal axis.
• Rod shaped and slightly bulgy lower end of embryonal axis which lies towards micropylar end is called radicle.
• Plumule is the upper end of embryonal axis.
• The part of embryo axis between radicle and attachment of cotyledon leaves is called hypocotyl.
• The part of embryo axis between plumule and attachment of cotyledon leaves is called epicotyl.

Result

• The embryo of dicot seeds consists of three main parts – plumule, radicle and two cotyledons.

Precautions

• The cloth which is used to cover seeds should be moist and should not get dry.
• Seeds should be open carefully so that the embryo does not get damaged.

---

Class 10 Physics Practicals

• To study the dependence of current on the potential difference with graph
• Determination of equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series
• Determination of equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in parallel
• Determination of the focal length of Concave mirror by obtaining the image of a distant object
• Determination of the focal length of Convex lens by obtaining the image of a distant object
• Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence
• Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism

Class 10 Chemistry Practicals

• Finding the pH of the samples by using pH paper/universal indicator
• Studying the properties of acids and bases (HCl & NaOH) on the basis of their reaction
• Performing and observing the reactions and classifying them into: i. Combination reaction, ii. Decomposition reaction, iii. Displacement reaction and iv. Double displacement reaction
• Observing the action of Zn, Fe, Cu and Al metals on the salt solutions
• Studying the properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid)
• Studying saponification reaction for preparation of soap
• Studying the comparative cleaning capacity of a sample of soap in soft and hard water

Class 10 Biology Practicals

• Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata
• Showing experimentally that light is necessary for photosynthesis
• Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration
• Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast with the help of prepared slides
• Studying homology and analogy with the help of models/charts of animals and models/charts/specimens of plants
• Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red kidney bean)