Class 10 Carbon and its Compounds Important Questions

Important Questions Notes Previous Years Questions

Carbon and its Compounds Important Questions

1. a. Complete the following equations:-
   
   b. Write the name of the following:-
   i. CH₃CH₂COOH
   ii. CH₃CH₂Br
   c. Draw the electron dot structure of ethene (C₂H₄).
2. a. Name the compound CH₃CH₂OH and identity its functional group.
   b. Give a chemical test to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
   c. Name the product formed when an organic acid reacts with an alcohol in presence of an acid catalyst. What is the name assigned to this type of reaction?
3. a. Name the compound CH₃COOH and identity its functional group.
   b. Give a chemical test to identity this compound.
   c. Name the gas evolved when this compound acts on solid sodium carbonate. How would you identify this gas.
4. a. Give a chemical test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
   b. i. Name the products formed when ethanol burns in air.
   ii. What two forms of energy are liberated on burning alcohol?
   c. Why is the reaction between methane and chlorine considered a substitution reaction?
5. Give reason for the following observations:
   a. The element carbon forms a very large number of compounds .
   b. Air holes of a gas burner have to be adjusted when the heated vessels get blackened by the flame.
   c. Use of synthetic detergents causes pollution of water.
6. a. What is vinegar?
   b. Describe with a chemical equation, what happens when sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with ethanoic acid.
7. a. Write the name of functional group in:
   
   b. Describe a chemical test to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
   c. Write a chemical reaction to represent what happens when hydrogen gas is passed through an unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of nickel as a catalyst.
8. a. Why does carbon form compounds mainly by covalent bonding?
   b. List any two reasons for carbon forming a very large number of compounds.
   c. An organic acid ‘X’ is a liquid which often freezes during winter time in cold countries, has the molecular formula, C₂H₄O₂
   On warming it with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, a compound ‘Y’ with a sweet smell is formed.
   i. Identify ‘X’ and ‘Y’.
   ii. Write a chemical equation for the reaction involved.
9. a. What is homologous series of compounds? List any two characteristics of a homologous series.
   b. i. What would be observed on adding 5% of solution of alkaline potassium permanganate solution drop by drop to some warm ethanol taken in a test tube.
   ii. Write the name of the compound formed during the chemical reaction.
   c. How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid on the basis of chemical property?
10. a. What is a functional group in carbon compound? Identify the functional group present in CH₃COOH and C₂H₄OH.
    b. State the principle on which the cleansing action of shop is based.
11. a. What is homologous series of compounds? Give one example.
    b. What will happens if ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst?
    c. Why are soaps ineffective in hard water?
12. a. Distinguish between esterification and saponification reactions of organic compounds.
    b. With a labelled diagram describe an activity to show the formation of n ester.
13. a. The structural formula of an ester is:
    
    Write the structural formula of the corresponding alcohol and the acid.
    b. i. Mention the experimental conditions involved in obtaining ethene from ethanol.
    ii. Write the chemical equation for the above reaction.
    c. Explain the cleansing action of soap.